Drilling and riveting machine



o. OECKL ET AL DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 25, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 1, 1940.

O. OECKL ET AL DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 2 Qc o. OECKL ET m. I 2,215,403

DRILLING AND RIYETING' MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 '14 Sheets-Sheet 4 Mawrams Oct. 1, 194;).

Q. OECKL ET AL DRILLING-AND RIVETING MACHINE Fil ed May 23, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet 5 "I II/IIIIIIII Oct. 1, 1940. Q E L ET AL 2,216,46

DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet G 'Byfi'ifesadew Oct. 1, 1940.

O. OECKL ET AL DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Fil ed May 23, 1939 14Sheets-Sheet '7 Quiz 7 (3st 3, 1940. o. OECKL :1- AL Q 2,216,403

DRILLING AND RIVEIINGv MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 8 a2 782 J as gkwxw, zm g a5 A Am Oct 7 o. OECKL El m. 1

' DRILLING AND RIVETING' MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Shoots-Sheet 9Oct. 1, 194. Q QECKL ET AL 2,216,403

DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Sheet 1OKe-asler Oat. 1, 1940.

0. micro. ETAL 2,216303 DRILLING AND RIVETING MACHINE Filed May 23, 193914 gusts-sheet 11 Oct. 1. 1940.

O. OECKLV ET AL DRILLING AND RIVBTING MACHINE 14 Shoets-Sheet 12IIIIIIIII Filed May'23, 1939 o. OECKL ET AL 03 DRILLING AND RIVETINGMACHINE Filed. May 23, 1939 14 Sheets-Shoot 13 Oct. 1, 1940.

o. OECKL EIAL 2,216,403 DRILLING AND RIVETING momma Filed May 23, 193914 Sheets-Sheet 14 in n Patented Oct. 1, 1940 UNITED STATES 2,216,403nanme AND arvn'rmo MACHINE Otto Oeckl, Berlin, and Karl Weinhold,Wilhelm Pieines, and Leo Kessler, Frankfort, Germany,

assignors to Frankfurter Maschinenbau-Akt.- Ges. vorm. Pokorny 8;Wittekind, Frankforton-the-Main, Germany Application May 23, 1939,Serial No. 275,272 In Germany May 30, 1938 20 Claims.

This invention relates to a drilling and riveting machine.

The object of the invention is to provide a machine by which long andrelatively thin sheets or plates, such as are used in particular inaircraft construction, can be riveted together automatically andquicklyand the operating tools can be easily supervised. Further, the surfaceof the plates riveted together in the machine is smooth which, inaircraft construction, is of considerable importance for reducing windand air resistance.

An object of the invention is to simplify and accelerate the operationof drilling and riveting machines by connecting the countersinking tooldirectly to'the drill and a rivet feeding device, which is automaticallyswung over the rivet hole.

The automatic operation of the machine might be upset if turnings orfilings entered the plateclamp surrounding the hammer. In machines usinga template this has previously been constructed as a guide for theriveting hammer and a radial passage opening into the guide has beenprovided in it and the hammer piston has been lowered so that thispassagewas free during the drilling. The complete removal of the boringscan be eflected by mechanical means only with great difiiculty. Afurther object of the invention, therefore, is to provide opposite alateral opening in the plate-clamp which is not closed by the hammerduring the drilling operation an opening to which a compressed air pipeis connected. If the compressed air is connected while the borings orfilings are still in movement, their complete'removal is automaticallyensured.

In a drilling and riveting machine in which the counter-support and therivet guide device are swung over the rivet hole and the drilling toolcombined with the counter sinker used as a rivet-driving punch, thedrill spindle must describe a relatively great stroke. As a result thespindle is given a relatively great mass acceleration, which, inrapid-operation, causes undesirable vibration. I v

In order toavoid this mass acceleration, according to the presentinvention there is mounted on a common support movable in the directionof the rivet seam or joint thezdrilling tool combined with thecountersinker, and laterally thereof the o automatic rivet guide device,a rivet driving punch, and a striper adapted to be raised and loweredand cooperating with the plate holder during the driving in of the rivetwhereby, during the formation of the closing head the rivet punchremains as a countersupport on the rivet. As a result of the arrangementof a special rivet punch and the mobility of the tool above the table,after the hole is made, the drilling tool can be moved out of the axisof the rivet hole and the riveting punch with the plate holder, and thecorrespondv 5 ing part of the rivet guide device can be carried 'to theaxis of the rivet hole. The drilling tool need thus describe only asmall stroke, so that on high speed operation injurious vibrations orshocks are avoided. An advantage is provided in 1. that the machine canbe rapidly operated for countersinking rivets in long plates with veryeasy service.

According to the invention the automatic rivet feed takes place in thatthe'rivet feed passage is 1' subdivided into a part which is attached toa common support of the countersink punch and the rivet driving punch,and a part adapted to be raised and lowered with the rivet drive punchand which, in raised position, is connected with go the part attached onthe support. In this position a rivet in the partattached to the supportis released, while this passage part is closed 01f when the rivetinserting device lowers. The drilling tool, the countersink punch, theriveting g5 punch and the automatic rivet feed device then form acommonly movable unit.

In riveting thin plate with countersunk rivets the countersinker ispreferably formed not as a countersink punch, in order to form or sink arivet 0 hole without any cuttings. In order to obtain an exactlycylindrical wall of the rivet hole, without requiring subsequent orfinishing drilling, the countersink must first be made by thecountersink punch and then the rivet hole made.

In-.ordersuccessively to countersink and drill in one operation, withoutmoving the plate, while retaining the countersinkingand-drillingsuccession, according to the invention, the perforating tool, thus adrill or punch, is arranged within the countersinker and the perforatingtool begins its operation in the countersinker only when the latter,after forming the countersink, is seated on the plate. Thereby theperforating tool is preferably arranged countersinker.

If, before the counterslnking or the drilling, the thin plates are to bepressed together in the 1 direction of thecountersink or perforatingtool by means of a plate holder, clamp or the like, 5 according to theinvention the latter is disposed on the countersinker or its support.The advantage thereof is that the plate closer or retention, thecountersinking and the drilling can be done in a single operation. Aftertheoperain the axis of the I the plate is closed or clamped the seriesof further operations can be selected as desired. For example, the platecan first be countersunk and then drilled or the reverse can also bedone, that is, first the drilling and then the countersinklng.

For automatic operation of the plate closer, ac-

' cording to the invention, there is provided a yieldable intermediatememberwhich is disposed between the plate closer, preferably formed as asleeve, and-its support. The yieldable intermediate member may consist,for example, of a runner ring or also of a spiral spring.

with these and other objects which will become apparent from thedetailed description below various modifications of the invention areshown in the dra'wings, in which Figure 1 is a partial perspective viewof one embodiment of the invention,

Figure 2 is a front elevational view with portions in section of theembodiment shown in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a lateral elevational view of Figure 2 with portions brokenaway and shown in section, 7

Figure 4 is a plan view of the construction shown in Figure 2, Figure 5is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of a portion of theconstruction illustrating the compressed air control,

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the section Figure 12 is a view tothat shown in'Fig ure 9 with the elements in a still further differentoperating position, 7

. Figure 13 is a perspective view on enlarged scale with parts brokenaway showing the automatic rivet feeder,

Figure 14 is a plan view of Figure 13 with parts shown in sectionillustrating rivets to the rivet feeder,

Figure 15 is a cross sectional view taken on the section line I5l5 ofFigure 14,

Figure '16 is'a cmss sectional view of a detail on an enlarged scaleillustrating the insertion of Y the rivets in the rivet hole,

Figure 1'7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the section linel'I-|| of Figure 16,

Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 16 showing the parts in adiiferent operative position,

Figure 19 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of theconstruction shown in Figure 16,

Figure 20 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 19 with the parts ina different operative position,

Figure 21 is a view similar to Figure 19 with the parts in a stilldifferent operative position,

Figure 22 is a partial perspective exploded view the passage of theyillustrating the controls and drive for the rivet feeder, thecounter-support and the drill as well as the compressed air control forthe plate closer and the table advance,

Figure 23 is a partial sectional view illustrating a modifiedconstruction,

Figure 24 is a lateral elevational view of the modification shown inFigure 23 with portions in section,

Figure 25 is a partial lateral elevation of the rivet inserting device,

Figure 26 is across sectional view taken on the section line 25-26 ofFigure 23, a

Figure 2'7 is a cross sectional view taken on section line 2727 ofFigure 26,

Figure 28 is a view similar to Figure 26 with the parts in a differentoperative position,

'Figure29 is a view similar to Figure 23'of a portion thereof showingthe parts in a diiferent operative position,

Figure 30 is also a similar view to Figure 23 of a portion thereof withthe parts in a different operative position,

Figures 31, 32 and 33 are similar views of a portion of the constructionshown in Figure 23 with the elements in different operative positions,

Figure 34 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the countersinkpunch and drill as well as the plate closer used with the modificationof Figure 23 on enlarged-scale,

Figures 35 and 36 are views similar to Figure 34 illustrating theelements in difierent operative positions,

Figure 3'7 is a partial front elevational view with parts shown insection illustrating a modification of the construction shown in Figure23,

Figure 38 is a cross sectional view taken on section line 33-38 ofFigure 37,

Figure 39 is a cross sectional view taken on section line 3939 of Figure3'7,

Figure 40 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating amodification'of the structure shown in Figure 34,

Figure 41 is a similar view to Figure 40 showing the parts in adiiferent operative position,

Figure 42 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a modificationof the construction shown in Figure 40, a

Figure 43 1s a similar view to Figure 42 showing the parts in adifferent operative position,

Figure 44 is a partial cross sectional view with parts in elevationillustrating a still further modification of the invention,

Figure 45 is a view similar to that shown in Figure 44 and illustratinga portion thereof showing the parts in a different operative position onenlarged scale,

Figure 46 is a view similar to Figure 45 showing the parts in adifferent operative position,

Figure 4'7 illustrates a portion of the construction shown in Figures 45and 46 with the parts in a different operative position, and

Figure 48 is a lateral elevation of the construction shown in Figure 44.

In order to obtain a plane surface countersunk rivets are employed. Forriveting long plates with countersunk rivets the automatic drilling andriveting machine in accordance with the invention is constructed in thefollowing manner. The drilling tool is formed as'a combined drilland acountersinking tool and, above the sheets or plates which are clamped ona table having an automatic feed, there is arranged on the one side ofthe drill a rivet feeding device which can 'be swung over the drilledhole and on the other side of the drill a counterabutment for the rivethammer, which abutment can be swung over the countersunk head of therivet. I

Below the sheets or plates there is provided a clamping member whichencloses the riveting .hammer and can be moved upwards and downmachinecan be attended to by unskilled workmen. The machine works rapidly sincethe drilling and countersinking take place in one operation and therivet feeding device is swung over the rivet hole while the drill isbeing raised and the counter-abutment for the hammer is swung over thecountersunk head of the rivet while the feeding device is being swungback, and, on lowering the clamp by which the plates v are pressedtogether; the riveted plates are released and are fed forwards by theautomatic feed of the table by a distance equal to the spacing of therivets without being obstructed in any way by downwardly projectingrivet heads.

to Figs. 1 to 22, a slide or table 3, is slidable by means of rollers 4on a frame I provided with the rails 2 (Figs. 2, 4 and 7). The slide isassembled of single tubular parts for lighter construction. The thinplates5 and 6 to be riveted together, are positioned manually, by meansof the clamps 1, on the slide, whichserves as a work table.

Arranged adjacent frame I is a standard 8 (Fig. 3) which has an upperpart 9 in which the drive members, for the individual tools arearranged. Arranged in the upper part 9, above the free space between theclamps I on the slide 3, is the drill III which is attached to a supportII. This latter is connected to a rack I2 (Fig. 3) which is raised andlowered by the gears I3 and arack |3a at the proper time. Connecteddirectly with the drill I8 is the countersinker I4 (Fig. 16) which isconstructed as a miller, and is encompassed by a collar I5 which servesas a stop in regulating the depth of the countersink and which isattached to the support ll of the drill.

Disposed at one side, adjacent drill I0, is the rivet feeder l6, whichis adapted to be swung over the drill hole, and on the other side, nearthe drill, the counter-support I1, likewise adapted to be swung over thedrill hole.

Below the plates 5 and 6 to be riveted, the riveting hammer I8 isarranged, so that its axis lies in alignment with that of drill III. Theriveting hammer I8 is encompassed by an ascending and descending platecloser I9, which latter is provided with a radial opening I 9a which ispositioned so that it is uncovered by the hammer when the latter is inthe inoperative position. 0 osite this opening the plate closer isprovided wi h an opening to which the compressed air conduit |9b isconnected.

The rivet feeder I6 and the counter-support I1 are driven mechanicallyby cam wheels 28 and 2| (Figs. 2 and 22). These cam 'discs are mountedon a shaft 22, which is set in rotational movement by any kind of drivemotor. The cam discs co-operate with rollers 23 and 24 which are mountedon the ends of doublelevers 25a and 26a, rotatableaboutithe .pins 25 and26-. Pivotally engaged with the other ends ofthe lbuble levers are thethrustrods 21 and 28, which are connected with the rivet feeder l6 andthe counter-support |1 so that these can swing about vertical axes. I

The drill I0'is raised through the gears I3 (Fig. 3) by means of theshaft 22 rotating a cam disc 29 which co-operates with the rack I3a.(Figs. 3 and.22). Rack l3a is returned to its initial position by a pushspring 30.

The plate closer I9 is constructed as a compressed air piston whichmoves in a cylinder 3| and is subject to the action of a spring 32. Acompressed air conduit 33 terminates at the end of cylinder 3|.-.Provided on the riveting hammer I8 is a piston element 34 penetratingto the end of cylinder 3| and which terminates in a compressed airconduit 35.

The movement or advance of the work table 3 takes place by means of acompressed air piston 36 which moves in a compressed air cylinder 31(Figs. 8 and 22). A compressed air conduit 33 terminates in cylinder 31.Piston 36 is subject to the action of a counter-spring 39. Pivoted tothe end of the piston extending from the cylinder is a shift pawl 48which engages in the teeth of a rack 4|, which is attached to the slide3. The cooperating pawl 42 is also attached to the rod of piston 36.

Attached to the shaft 22, in the extension 911 of the head 9 are threecams 43, 44 and 45, which cooperate with the 'plungers of the valves 46,41 and 48 mounted in the head 9a (Figs. 5, 6 and 22) Compressed air isintroduced through a conduit 58 into the chamber 49 (Fig. 5) towardwhich the valves open. The valve plungers are constructed as slides, sothat on opening of the valves the compressed air can pass from thechamber 49 through the passages provided in the extension 9a to thecompressed air conduits 33, 35 and 38.

The'automatic rivet feed apparatus I6 wm now be described. Theembodiment shown in Figs. 13 to 15 is provided with an inclinedreservoir or drum for the counter-sunk rivets, which are progressivelymoved so that the rivets slide in an inclined, downwardly directedcollecting passage in 1 which there is a controlled sluice or passage,so that one rivet passes into the head 'of the apparatus at the propertime where, with the aid of the depth stop I5 (Figs. 10 and 11), it isinserted trolled piston 52 is loaded with respect to the cylinder end 55by means of a spring 54. The function of the air holes 56 is to avoidair cushions in the space between the piston and the cylinder end. Thepiston rod 53 is connected by a ball joint 51 with a sleeve 58, which isrocked or swung about the rotational axis of the drum or reservoir 59.The rocking movement islimited by fixed abutments 66.- The bevelleddrive member 6|, which is movable in the sleeve 58, is forced by aspring 62 toward the periphery of the drum and engages in a depression63 on the drum periphery. The dotted lines in Fig. 14 show its positionin engagement with one of the depressions 63.

The bevel 84 permits the member 6| to slide out attached to head 80 andretained in the sleeve by of the depression 68 when the drum isstationary and the member is swung in a direction opposite that of thearrow (Fig. 14).. When compressed air is delivered to the piston 52 andthe rocking of the sleeve 58 is caused thereby, the drive member 6|passes from the depression 68, as in this case the drum 59 is held fastby means of a bevelled counter-retaining pawl 65, which is guided in afixed sleeve 66 and is forced by a spring 61 into the correspondingdepression 63 of the drum periphery. In this manner the drum can moveonly in the direction of the arrow.

When the sleeve 58 passes into the end position corresponding, to themovement of the piston, the member 6|, which slides on the periphery ofthe drum, snaps into anew depression 63. If piston 52 is relieved of theair pressure, the spring 54 returns it promptly to the initial position.The member 6| thereby carries along the drum 58 in the direction of thearrow, so that a new rivetreceiving slot 85 passes in front of the rivetcol-'- lecting bar 66 with the collecting passage 61. As a result of theabrupt impact-like piston movement the rivets, held in position by theirweight, move or jump from the slot into the passage 61, which isinterrupted by a tongue 68 which slides in a guide 68. The tongue 68 iscontrolled by a piston rod Ill attached to a piston The latter isslidable in a pressure cylinder 12 connected with a compressed airconduit and is subject to the action of a spring 14 supported againstthe cylinder end 18.

The tongue 88 is forced by springs 15 against the piston rod 10 and hasa slide I6 as well as a catch 11. In the position shown in full lines ofthe slide and catch a rivet I8 has passed from the passage 61 into thetongue in front of the catch TI. This prevents further passage of therivet in the passage 18 formed by the bars 66, to the rivet insertingapparatus. If piston II is actuated by compressed air the catch andslide assume the lower (release) position, whereby the slide 16 passesin front of the collecting passage 61 while, through the simultaneousmovement of the catch, the path to the passage 19 is opened up for therivet in the tongue 68.- When the piston is relieved of air pressure thesprings 15 force the tongue 68 into the initial position. The catch 11is again applied in front of the passage I8, while the slide 16 opensthe passage 61 for the advance .of a new rivet.

The rivet insertion takes place, according to Figs. 16 to 21, by meansof two superposed jaw pairs. Disposed in the head 80 are two superposedspring jaw pairs 8| and 82, the upper 8| having an opening 88 formed byrecesses in both jaws. This opening is semi-circular and forms thecontinuation of the feed passage I9 for the rivets, so that it is opentoward this passage, while its limit, which serves as a stop for theadvancing rivets, forms the end of the passage. The lower jaw pair 82has an opening 84 not interrupted in its periphery and which is formedof corresponding recesses of both jaws. The diameterof this openingcorresponds to that of the rivet shank. The lower jaw pair 82 isarranged below the pair 8| at a vertical distance somewhat smaller thanthe rivet length. Both pairs of jaws are pressed together by springs 85supported in the head 88.

Above the opening 88 of the resilient jaw pair 8| a punch 88 isyieldably mounted in a sleeve 81 means of a spring 89. The upper part ofsleeve 81 is also formed semi-cylindrical, the opening of said halfcylinder being directed toward the drilling or perforating spindle ofthe machine. Thus,

now, the pressure spindle of the machine is low-' ered on punch 88 therivet, by the expansion of the jaws 8| is forced in the-completelyclosed 1 opening 84 of the lower jaw pair 82. As the distance of thispair from the other pair 8| is less than the rivet length the rivetshank passes into the opening 84 before it leaves the opening 88. Therivet is thus engaged completely all around by the jaw pair 82 andaxially directed. Thereupon, through the expansion of the jaws 82, therivet is forced through opening 84, whereby caution is observed that thejaws 82 lie above the plates 5 and 8 at a distance less than the rivetshank length, so that the rivet enters by its shaft into the drill holebefore leaving the opening 84 of the jaw pair 82. The operation of themachine is as follows:

On Fig. 12, the table 8 (Fig. 2), on .which the plates 5 and 8 are held,has been advanced by the pawl 48 (Fig. 8) for a rivet spacing, so thatthe axis of the drill hole tobe made coincides with that of the drill N.to Fig. 9, the drill is lowered by movement of the rack l2 and at thesame time rotated, the drill hole is first bored, whereupon thecountersink for the head of the sunken rivet is milled out by thecountersinker l4, until the stop I! is seated on the upper plate 6.

The cuttings resulting from the drilling are carried from the radialopening |8a by the compressed air stream coming through-the conduit |8band blown out of the cylinder of the hammer I8. The drill is thereupondrawn back to its position as stated by the spring (Fig. 3), and duringthis movement the rivet feeder I8 is rocked by the rod 21 (Fig. 22) sothat the axis of the punch 88 (Fig. 16) lies in the same range as thatof the drill hole.

In the meantime a rivet has passed from the reservoir through thecollecting passage and the discharge passage to the head of the rivetfeeder. If, now, the drill is again lowered by the cam 28 (Fig. 18)acting on the rack l2, a rivet I8 is inserted in the hole. Immediatelyafter reascent of the drill the rivet feeder I8 is swung back by rod 21to the initial. position, while the counter-support I1 is swung over thehead of the counter-sunk rivet .by the rod 28 (Fig. 22). By means of thecam disc 48 (Fig; 22) the corresponding valve in head 8 is raised sothat compressed air can enter through passage 88 into cylinden8l, and inthe plate closer |8 exerts pressure from below against the plates .5 and6 (Fig. 11). Thereupon, through the cam disc 44, the corresponding valveis raised, so that compressed air passes through the passage 86 belowpiston rod 84, thus the head of the rivet being formed by the rivetinghammer l8. Thereupon the If, now, according counter-support I1 is againswung back to its Figs. 23 to 33 show a modification of the rivetingmachine, in which the object remains stationary during the drilling andriveting, although a riveting punch is provided which, together with thedrill, is mounted on a support slidable in the direction of the rivetrows In the construction of the automatic drilling and riveting machineshown in Figs. 23 to 33, in the drill head 90, which is secured to thestandard 9I shown on Fig. 24, the drill 92 is attached to a rod 93whichis mounted or.journalled in the brackets or bearings 94 of a sleeve95, the

.end of the latter extending into a tubular extens'ion 96 of thecountersinker 91. The extension 91 has a shoulder 98 against which aspring 99.

is supported-which is applied against the front end of sleeve 95 andpresses the latter against the upper bearing 94. The end of theextension 96 is attached to a compressed air piston I00 which isslidably journalled vertically of the drill head 90 in an annular flangeIOI serving as a cylinder, and which is covered below by a sheet metaldisc I02. Traction or return springs I03 are interposed between thisdisc and the piston I00. Compressed air is passed to the cylinder IOIthrough a conduit I04. v

The countersinker 91 has the profile shown on Fig. 23 formakingthecountersink I05, which is a combination of a conical surfaceI06 and a connected horizontal annular surface I01.

The drill passes freely through a bore I08 of the sinker 91, the drillbeing then encompassed by the sinker punch 91.

The riveting punch I09 is journaled so as to raise and lower, in drillhead 90, together with the drill and countersinking punch. Punch I09passes freely through the piston I00 and the lower part thereof isencompassed by a sleeve I I 0 which is suspended to the punch by meansof a pin III which is guided at its ends in vertical slots I I2 of thesleeve.

, At the lower end, the sleeve has a solid part a I I3 provided with ashoulder I I4. A spiral spring H5 is interposed between this shoulderand the ends of pin III. The solid part H3, which is provided with-abore I6 for the passage of the rivet-inserting punch 'I 09, is providedwith a diametric'recess H1, in which a pair II8 of spring jaws isjournalled oscillatably about the pivot pins H9. The jaw pairisprovided, at the opposite ends, with semi-cylindrical recesses ordepressions which are enlargedto an opening I20, cor.- responding to theshank I2I of the rivet. {The jaws are so conformed that the head I22 ofthe rivet (Fig. 31) can lie on the jaws.

The part II3 extends somewhat over the jaws I I0 to the rear-and isthere provided with straight supporting surfaces I23, which thus lielaterally of the bore II 9.

Above the recess .1 the solid part H3 is provided with a member I24having a T-shaped recess which is formed of the horizontal part I25(Fig. 25) and the vertical part I26. This recess I25, I26 terminates inthe bore H6 of the part II3. The member I24 forms part of rivetedtogether is the riveting hammer I3I,

pressed on the plates.

which is encompassed by a plate closer I32. The diagrammaticallyillustrated hammer is, for example, a compressed air hammer, thecylinder I33 of which is supplied with compressed air througha conduitI34. The plate closer I32 is provided at the delimitation directlyencompassing the cylinder bore I35 with shoulders I36 (Fig. 23)corresponding to the countersink. A

compressed air conduit can also terminate at the upper part of bore I35in order to blow drill cuttings out through the opposite opening I38.The plate closer is raised and lowered in the construction'shown bymeansof a wedge piston I39 which is horizontally slidable in a compressed aircylinder I40. The cylinder is supplied with compressed air through apassage "I.

The piston I39 is returned by apressure spring to its initial position.

For automatically feeding the rivets I2I, I 22, the feed passage I21 isprovided with a slide I43 (Figs; 26 to 28) which actssomething like asluice and is controlled by a compressed air piston I44. Compressed airis supplied to the cylinder I45 through a conduit I46. 'I'he piston I44is returned to its initial position by a spring I41. The slide l43 has arecess I48such that in one position of the vertical part I26 (Fig. 25)it closes off the recess I 25, I26 and thus lies in the path of therivet shank I 2|, while in the other position it releases the shank.

The drill head 90 is longitudinally slidable in the direction of therivet rows, and mounted for example on a swallowtail guide (Fig.24), sothat the riveting punch can .be carried above the drill hole.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

If a new rivet is to be inserted andriveted the plates I 29, I30 areadvanced for a spacing, and the individual elements assume the positionshown-on Fig. 23, in which the drill 92, its encompassing countersinkpunch 91, the riveting punch I09 and the part II3 of sleeve I00 are at adistance above the plates.. In this position the recess I25, I26 isconnected with the memthe opening I20 of the'jaws IIO, its head thussuspended on the jaws.

By advancing the 'piston I39 into the position of Fig. 29 the cylinderI32 is first raised until it is applied on the plates I29 and I30,whereupon compressed air is admitted above piston I00, whereby thecountersink punch 91 is The countersink I06 (Fig. 29) is thereby made bythe conical surface I06. The plates are then held between the horizontalpressure surfaces I01 of the punch 91 and the horizontal surfaces of thecylinder I32 serving as a plate closer.

On descent of the counterslnker'91 the (hill 92 lowers therewith (Fig.29). It is now lowered through control of the rod 93, whereby sleeve 99is carried along and spring 99 compressed. On

setting the drill 92 in operation an exactly cylindrical hole I (Figs.30 and 31) is drilled in the conical surfaces of the plates I29 and I30.

On raising the 'rod 93, the drill 92 is drawn. back into the countersinkpunch 91, and on discharging the compressed air from cylinder III thecountersinker 91 together with the drill '92 is returned to the initialposition of Fig. 23.

The drill head 90 is then moved to the right on the, swallowtail guideI49 to such extent that the axis of the riveting punch I09 coincideswith the axis of the drill head I3I, thus assuming the position of Fig.31.

The riveting punch is then lowered and with it the sleeve 0 with itssolid part 3, until this part is seated by its pressure surfaces I23 onthe upper plate I29, so that the plates I29 and I30 are retained betweenthe part II 3 and the plate closer I32. On further descent of theriveting punch the spring H5 is compressed and, by means of the punch,the rivet is inserted in the hole I50, with the expansion of theresilient J'aws II8.- The head I 22 thereby comes to ll in thecountersink I05 (Fig. 32).

While compressed air is passed through the passage I34 to the compressedair hammer the riveting, punch I09 remains on the rivet head I22 as acounter-support, so that the closure head of the rivet is formed by thehammer (Fig. 33). V

In the position of Figs. 32 and 33 the one part of the passage formingthe rivet feed channel is separated from the feed channel I21, and theslide I43 assumes the closure position of Fig. 28.

The punch IOI is first raised, this movement being supported by thespring II5. On further ascent of the punch the latter carries along thesleeve H0 and the part II3, until the parts return to the position ofFig. 23, in which the channel is again connected with the passage I21,so that another rivet can be released by the slide I43. Thereupon thedrill head 90 is again moved'back to the left, until the axis of thedrill 92 is above that of the hammer I3I. The plate closer I32 is againlowered, as the space behind the piston I39 is again put incommunication with the atmosphere, so that the piston passes to theinitial position of Fig. 23 through the action of the spring I42.

As a result of the possibility of bringing the drill 92 out of the axisof the hammer I3I after completing the drilling by moving the head 90,and of carrying the riveting punch I09 into this axis, the stroke of thedrill rod 93, and thus also the vibrations produced thereby, are verysmall.

Figs. 34 to 36 diagrammatically show how the countersink punch 91 andthe drill 92 cooperate, when the drill begins its working stroke, afterthe counterslnker is applied on the plate.

As previously stated, the punch 91 is disposed so as to be raised andlowered, above the work table, and coaxial with the bore I35. The punch91 is formed as a hollow member, in which the drill 92 is journalled soas to be raised and lowered. The drill 92 can pass freely through thebore I08 in the countersink punch.

The punch 91 together with the drill 92, which is still in the bore I08, is first lowered on the plates I29 and I30, which lie onthe worktable 3, whereby the countersink I05 (Fig. 34) is formed. Thereupon, theplates I29 and I30 being held between the table 3 and the punch 91, thedrill 92 is lowered and the rivet hole I50 drilled (Fig. The drill isthen raised to the position of Fig. 34, whereupon the punch 91 and thedrill 92 are raised into the position of Fig. 36.

As the countersink I05 is made first and then the hole I drilled, thelatter is'given the exactly cylindrical walls as shown on Fig. 36, sothat in riveting the hole is completely filled by the rivet shank. Theaccuratelylcylindrical wall is as sured in that the plates I29 and I30are held between the countersink punch 91 and the work table 3 duringthe drilling.

If fiaps or ribs are to be riveted on plates a number of rivets may beprovided simultaneously by arranging a correspondingly larger number ofdrills and countersinking punches encompassing them, in thedrill head.

The construction according to Figs. 37 to 39 shows how a rib I52 'isriveted with its lateral flanges I53 and I54 on the plate I5I.

For this purpose, the drill head 90 is provided, instead of a singledrill corresponding to the drill 92 of Fig. 23, with two drills 92a and92b, spaced apart, and, correspondingly, also with two countersinkingpunches 91a and 91b, through which the drills can pass. The two drillsare guided by means of the rods I55 in a guide member I56 and aresuspended to a common crosspiece I51 attached to the spindle 93.

Like in the previously described constructions there are provided in thedrill head 90, together with the drill, the riveting device and anautomatic rivet feeder, and two riveting punches I09a riveting punchI60. The latter is disposed in the cylinder I6I of the hammer I62.Attached to this cylinder are also cylinders I32a and I32b, which serveas plate closers in the countersinking, drilling and riveting.

The operation of this embodiment is substantially the same as thataccording to Figs. 23 to 36.

The automatic rivet feed mechanism can also be otherwise constructed,and instead of compressed air hammers for the riveting use may be madeof other riveting tools.

Thick plate can be countersunk also by means of a milling cutter insteadof a profiled or shaped countersink punch.

Figs. 40 to 43 show modifications of the machine in which thecountersink punch is also encompassed by a plate closer.

In the construction of Figs. 40 and 41 a pressing punch I64 having atits lower end a counterslnker I65 is screwed in a support I63 of a ma-,chine for making rivet holes. Disposed around punch I64 is a plateclosing sleeve I66 which is slidable relative to punch I64. Sleeve I66engages by an inner flange I61 over an extension I68 of the punch I64. Arubber ring or collar is disposed between sleeve I 66 and support I63.Punch I64 has a bore I10 in which adrill III is axially slidable. Thetable I12 of the machine is below punch I64 and is provided with acountersink I13 is applied on the plate I15 (Fig-41). After thecountersink is made the drill I1I is moved downwardly, axially withrespect to punch I64, whereby the rivet hole in both plates I15 and I16is produced. On termination of the drilling all the parts are removedfrom the plates, which can then be further advanced to drill the nextrivet hole,

